Abstract        

The smart grid (SG) has updated a tried-and-true power distribution system by introducing new data-information-and-communication technologies (ICT). With increased power flow and efficiency, SGs feature better power distribution and transmission from power generation to end consumers. Along with the aforementioned contemporary automation, traditional SG characteristics include two-way communication, sophisticated monitoring, and control to address power quality concerns. This protects all of the associated power system’s components’ effectiveness and dependability against potential threats and assures that they will last their entire life cycle. The utility firms’ productivity increased as a result of SGs’ integration of ICT into the power system. Improved asset management and energy management for end users are results of integrating ICT with SG. This article provides an overview of the many communication and information technology fields included in SG automation.

Keywords – Smart Grid (SG), Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Distribution Automation (DA), Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS).