Abstract: For this communication, we designed a compact (20×20 mm2) pedestal fan shaped microstrip patch antenna with improved gain and bandwidth for X (8-12 GHz), Ku (12-18 GHz) and K (18-27 GHz) bands for radar and satellite applications. The entire antenna (designs 1 to 4) is designed and simulated on FR-4 epoxy substrate (ɛr = 4.4, tan δ = 0.02 and h = 1.6 mm) and carried out by 3D electromagnetic (EM) simulation software. The proposed antenna (design-4) is performed with higher gain and bandwidth than the reported antennas, the two layered of stacking techniques being played a major role for improved performance. The proposed antenna covers (10.96–11.83) GHz for X-band, (12.26–14.00) GHz for Ku-band, and (15.30–23.53) GHz for Ku and K-band. The proposed antenna resonates at 11.40 GHz, 13.13 GHz, 16.16 GHz, 17.46 GHz and 20.06 GHz with peak gains of 9.17 dBi, 13.29 dBi, 10.07 dBi, 2.55 dBi and 11.83 dBi, respectively. The proposed antenna gain varies in the range of (2.55-13.29) dBi, VSWR varies in the range of (0-0.15), group delay varies between (-0.40 to 0.50) ns and radiation efficiency up to 85% is achieved during entire operating frequency band.

Index Terms- X/Ku/K-band, reflection coefficient, gain, VSWR, group delay, radiation efficiency